{"id":3460,"date":"2021-10-09T15:07:00","date_gmt":"2021-10-09T15:07:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ilestranslation.com\/fr\/?p=3460"},"modified":"2021-10-09T15:07:01","modified_gmt":"2021-10-09T15:07:01","slug":"le-film-ethnographique-une-source-pour-le-langage-et-la-linguistique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ilestranslation.com\/fr\/le-film-ethnographique-une-source-pour-le-langage-et-la-linguistique\/","title":{"rendered":"Le film ethnographique : une source pour le langage et la linguistique"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Lorsque j’ai \u00e9crit le billet de blog \u00ab\u00a0Linguistique et linguistes au cin\u00e9ma\u00a0\u00bb<\/a> il y a plus d’un an, je pensais que, pendant une br\u00e8ve p\u00e9riode, nous devrions confiner nos vies au salon, \u00e0 la chambre et \u00e0 la cuisine. Aujourd’hui, nous ne pouvons toujours pas voyager sans restrictions, et ceux d’entre nous qui voulaient r\u00e9aliser des projets sur le terrain dans d’autres pays doivent trouver de nouveaux moyens.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Si vous voulez jeter un regard d\u00e9taill\u00e9 sur d’autres soci\u00e9t\u00e9s, cultures et lieux, les films ethnographiques offrent beaucoup de mat\u00e9riel. Les films ethnographiques (\u00e9galement appel\u00e9s films ethnologiques) sont des documentaires qui d\u00e9crivent des cultures \u00e9trang\u00e8res, leurs conditions environnementales, leurs normes et valeurs, leurs techniques culturelles, leurs fondements socio-\u00e9conomiques et leurs structures sociales dans leur environnement. La narration du film se concentre g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement sur un groupe ou un seul personnage principal. Avec la photographie, les films ethnographiques font partie du domaine de l’anthropologie visuelle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Souvent, les films ethnographiques sont difficiles d’acc\u00e8s : ils sont pr\u00e9sent\u00e9s dans de petits festivals de films sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9s, mais se retrouvent rarement en location ou en vente de DVD.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00ab\u00a0Nanook of the North\u00a0\u00bb ( https:\/\/youtu.be\/lkW14Lu1IBo<\/a> ) de Robert Flaherty (1922) est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le premier film ethnographique. Il s’agit d’un film muet sur une famille inuit de l’Arctique canadien. Depuis l’av\u00e8nement des films sonores, l’apparition d’un \u00e9quipement l\u00e9ger et portable et les possibilit\u00e9s d’enregistrement synchrone du son, il est \u00e9galement possible de fournir un aper\u00e7u d\u00e9taill\u00e9 et approfondi de divers domaines de la langue et de la culture.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ainsi, des films sont r\u00e9alis\u00e9s sur les locuteurs de petites langues, de langues minoritaires et de langues indig\u00e8nes. Dans ce cas, les langues peuvent \u00eatre enregistr\u00e9es non seulement sous forme de fichiers audio, mais aussi sous forme de vid\u00e9os qui pr\u00e9sentent de nombreuses informations suppl\u00e9mentaires telles que des gestes et des expressions faciales.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

D’autres films traitent de la migration, de l’arriv\u00e9e dans d’autres cultures et d’autres langues : l’Institut d’anthropologie de l’Universit\u00e9 de Hambourg, par exemple, propose une s\u00e9lection passionnante de films d’\u00e9tudiants sur ce th\u00e8me ( https:\/\/www.ethnologie.uni-hamburg.de\/studium\/methodenzentrum\/ethnographischer-film.html ).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour ces sujets et bien d’autres encore, voici une petite liste d’archives en ligne de films ethnographiques :<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Archivo Antropolog\u00eda Visual : fond\u00e9 en 2005, ax\u00e9 sur l’Am\u00e9rique latine https:\/\/antropologiavisual.net\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Endangered Languages Archive (ELAR) : Cette impressionnante archive, qui contient d\u00e9sormais des mat\u00e9riaux sur plus de 450 langues, propose \u00e9galement des s\u00e9quences de films courts https:\/\/www.elararchive.org\/.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il existe des documents gratuits et d’autres qui n\u00e9cessitent une inscription (gratuite). Voici des conseils pour une recherche d\u00e9taill\u00e9e et des liens pour l’enregistrement https:\/\/elararchive.org\/blog\/2021\/02\/21\/6-tips-for-getting-the-most-out-of-elars-new-platform\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Granada Centre for Visual Anthropology, Manchester : l’un des principaux instituts d’anthropologie visuelle au monde propose une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de films r\u00e9alis\u00e9s par ses \u00e9tudiants sur son site web http:\/\/granadacentre.co.uk\/portfolio\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La collection de films ethnologiques de l’Institut f\u00e9d\u00e9ral autrichien du film scientifique (\u00d6WF), Mus\u00e9e technique de Vienne : apr\u00e8s une excellente introduction au film ethnographique, les contributions sont ensuite class\u00e9es par cat\u00e9gories telles que \u00ab\u00a0danse\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0culture mat\u00e9rielle\u00a0\u00bb, etc., mais peuvent \u00e9galement \u00eatre recherch\u00e9es \u00e0 l’aide d’une ligne de recherche avec des mots-cl\u00e9s libres https:\/\/www.mediathek.at\/wissenschaft-als-film\/das-projekt-wissenschaft-als-film\/die-ethnologische-filmsammlung-des-oewf\/<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La biblioth\u00e8que num\u00e9rique europ\u00e9enne Europeana : un certain nombre de courts m\u00e9trages traitant de la migration et de la langue ou des langues minoritaires sont d\u00e9sormais disponibles ici https:\/\/www.europeana.eu\/de<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

La base de donn\u00e9es Ethnographic Video Online, qui contient plus de 2 000 heures de films, n’est accessible qu’aux chercheurs (https:\/\/www.evifa.de\/de\/news\/meldungen\/evo-vollumfaenglich-zugaenglich<\/a>). Pour obtenir un acc\u00e8s en ligne aux vid\u00e9os, il faut s’inscrire aupr\u00e8s du Service d’information sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9e Anthropologie sociale et culturelle ( https:\/\/sozialundkulturanthropologie.fid-lizenzen.de\/<\/a> ).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Lorsque j’ai \u00e9crit le billet de blog \u00ab\u00a0Linguistique et linguistes au cin\u00e9ma\u00a0\u00bb il y a plus d’un an, je pensais que, pendant une br\u00e8ve p\u00e9riode, nous devrions confiner nos vies au salon, \u00e0 la chambre et \u00e0 la cuisine. Aujourd’hui, nous ne pouvons toujours pas voyager sans restrictions, et ceux d’entre nous qui voulaient r\u00e9aliser…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3461,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,11],"tags":[45,47,88],"class_list":["post-3460","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-fun","category-linguistics","tag-resources","tag-sociocultural","tag-series-videos","category-7","category-11","description-off"],"yoast_head":"\nLe film ethnographique : une source pour le langage et la linguistique - il\u00e8s Traduction<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ilestranslation.com\/fr\/le-film-ethnographique-une-source-pour-le-langage-et-la-linguistique\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Le film ethnographique : une source pour le langage et la linguistique - il\u00e8s Traduction\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Lorsque j’ai \u00e9crit le billet de blog \u00ab\u00a0Linguistique et linguistes au cin\u00e9ma\u00a0\u00bb il y a plus d’un an, je pensais que, pendant une br\u00e8ve p\u00e9riode, nous devrions confiner nos vies au salon, \u00e0 la chambre et \u00e0 la cuisine. 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